Engg Technical notes

Verilog is one of the most widely used Hardware Description Languages (HDL) in digital system design . Whether you are building a simple counter or a complex processor, understanding the building blocks like nets, registers, strings, and hierarchical identifiers is essential. In this blog, we’ll dive into these concepts with easy-to-follow explanations, practical examples, and diagrams to support learning. 🔹 1. Hierarchical Identifiers in Verilog In Verilog, a hierarchical identifier allows you to reference variables, nets, or registers inside lower-level modules from a higher-level module (like the testbench). 👉 Why it matters? It helps in debugging and monitoring signals deep inside a design without modifying the module code. Example: Hierarchical Monitoring module full_adder ( input a, b, cin, output sum, cout ); assign {cout, sum} = a + b + cin; endmodule module adder_hier ; wire [3:0] A, B, Sum; wire Cout; full_adder u0 (A[0], B[0], 1'b0, Su...

 Understanding Basic Lexical Conventions in Verilog HDL When learning Verilog Hardware Description Language (HDL), it’s essential to begin with the basic lexical conventions , as these form the foundation for writing clean, correct, and maintainable code. Interestingly, many of these conventions are similar to those in the C programming language, but with Verilog-specific rules. In this blog, we’ll explore whitespace , comments , case sensitivity , identifiers , escaped identifiers , and number formats in Verilog HDL, complete with good and bad examples. 1. White Space in Verilog White space characters in Verilog are mostly ignored except when they are needed to separate tokens. However, inside strings, they are significant. White space characters include: - Blank spaces - Tabs - Carriage returns - New-lines - Form-feeds Example: Good vs. Bad Code ❌ Bad Code: module addbit(a,b,ci,sum,co); input a,b,ci;output sum co; wire a,b,ci,sum,co;endmodule ✅ Good Code...

           🛠️ The Importance of Verilog in Digital Design:                A New Chapter Begins “At the heart of every electronic device lies digital logic . And behind most digital logic, you’ll find Verilog .”    🔍 Why This Blog? In a world ruled by digital electronics—from smartwatches to self-driving cars—there’s an unseen architect orchestrating it all: digital logic . To speak the language of digital logic, engineers use Verilog . If you’re a student, enthusiast, or professional aiming to understand hardware design, this blog series is your step-by-step guide . We’re not just starting another HDL tutorial. We’re building a bridge between concepts and real-world application, with Verilog as the tool . 💡 What is Verilog? Verilog is a Hardware Description Language (HDL) used to model and simulate digital systems. It allows you to describe how hardware components—like multiplexers, registers, counte...